Chromosome is the compact structure of DNA. It is visible in different phases of mitosis and meiosis. Chromosome banding is an essential tool in Karyotyping. Karyotyping is a process of pairing and ordering all the chromosomes of the organism. The study is done to observe the abnormality of chromosomes. For chromosome staining, the cells are […]
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Animal cell culture needs essential nutrients & physical conditions and there is also need of different approaches for culturing the animal cells. While culturing animal cells in laboratory, it is vital to provide essential nutrients like carbon and nitrogen source, vitamins and growth factors; and physical conditions like temperature, pH, gases etc. It is also
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Bacterial Growth kinetics is, “The study of the growth of bacterial cultures does not constitute a specialised subject or branch of research: it is the basic method of Microbiology”J Mood, 1949 Bacterial growth involves anabolic and catabolic reactions. The Anabolic reactions synthesizes essential biomolecules whereas the catabolic reactions break down the nutrients and produces energy.
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Animal Cell culture is a technique of growing animal cells in artificial media and laboratory conditions. In order to grow in the laboratory, the cells are isolated from host and inoculated in appropriate media. The function of media is to provide all the essential nutrients that are required for growth and multiplication. The in-vitro method
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Stem cells are the progenitor cells that further differentiate into different types of cells. They are called the foundation for forming tissue, organs and body. The stem cells maintain their population and renew themselves by cell division. There are different types of stem cells based on the ability to form a range of differentiated cells.
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History of Vaccines – Immunology is the branch of life Science that deals with the study of immune system of living organisms. Recovering of people from diseases led the foundation of this branch. Our ancestors had observed that people recovered from diseases had become resistant to that particular disease. The attempts of inducing immunity were
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HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) is one of the types of column chromatography that uses a pump to create high pressure. In traditional column chromatography, the mobile phase and sample drip or runs under gravity. But in HPLC, the sample runs with mobile phase under pressure through the column filled with stationary phase. The use
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Bacteria belongs to prokaryotes and hence it lacks nucleus and membrane bound organelle. But it has sufficient organelles that maintains and regulated important physiological, biochemical and molecular process. Invention of Electron microscope allowed us to explore the structure of bacteria. The bacteria has cell envelop (capsule, cell wall and cell membrane) envelop, nucleoid (DNA), ribosomes,
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Gas Chromatography is an analytical technique used for separation of components or chemical species from the mixture. Introduction to Gas Chromatography – Chromatography is defined as an analytical technique for isolation, identification and quantification of biological sample. It is one of the major techniques employed in research and Industries for analytical studies. All the chromatographic
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Archaebacteria are fascinating microbes and show diverse characteristics. They are unicellular and do not have nucleus and hence scientist thought to categorize them in prokaryotes. When further research was conducted the scientist found that they have few similarities to Eukaryotes. This created a puzzle in the field of classification. To solve the puzzle, the archaea
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