Introduction – Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from DNA, catalysed by a very special enzyme, RNA polymerase (RNAP). The DNA in the gene is used as a template to make a Messenger RNA (mRNA) strand which is done with the help of RNAP. RNAP was Discovered by Samuel B. Weiss and Jerard Hurwitz in […]
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Alzheimer’s disease is a neuro-degenerative disease in which brain cells stop working or die. This disease destroys the person’s thinking skills and memory. It is mostly commonly observed in mid 60s. It is the cause of 50–70% of cases of dementia. The most common and early symptom is the difficulty in remembering current events. As
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Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase (RPI) deficiency is a very rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in an enzyme of the hexose monophosphate shunt called the ribose-5-phosphate isomerase. The first case of RPI deficiency was detected in the year 1999 by van der Knaap and team, where they found a 14-year old boy suffering from developmental delay, leukoencephalopathy,
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Introduction to Immune Cells Immune cells: Our immune system acts as a shield to protect our bodies from foreign invasions of different kinds of pathogens. But what does the immune system contain? This is where we are going to discuss the cells of the immune system. The function of the immune cells is like soldiers protecting
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Cultivation of the Anaerobic bacteria is challenging. It needs special media and incubation environment. Introduction to Cultivation of the Anaerobic bacteria- Based on the requirement of oxygen, the microbes are broadly classified as Aerobic and Anerobic. Aerobic organisms needs oxygen whereas, anaerobic microorganisms do not need oxygen. All eukaryotic organisms require oxygen to thrive, many species of
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Introduction to Asexual Reproduction- Reproduction is a biological process by which an organism produces its offspring. It is called as reproduction because it allows re-production of its own types. This biological process assures the continuity of species production from generation to generation and hence continuing the life on earth. There are two modes of reproduction
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Altruism is the main principle that allows the social animal like us to stay in community. It is moral practice that makes us selfless. Have you ever wondered why we do help for each other? What make us cooperative with each other? Or why the worker bee takes care of young ones, construct or protect
Alzheimer’s Disease and Apoptosis regulation are related to each other. This article explains the role of Apoptosis in causing Alzheimer’s disease. DEFINITION OF APOPTOSIS: Apoptosis is the course of programmed cell death that occurs in eukaryotic organisms due to some biochemical events. These changes include forming a bulge of the plasma membrane of a cell,
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Immunochemistry, as the name suggests, is a branch of chemistry that deals with chemical aspects of the immune system. It mainly involves studying and interpreting antigen-antibody interactions. Immunochemistry offers simple, rapid, robust yet sensitive, and easily automated methods for routine analyses in clinical laboratories. Immunoassays are based on highly specific binding between an antigen and
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Summary- Gene is a segment of DNA or RNA that encodes for a functional protein. The main objective of plant biotechnology is to create new varieties of cultivated plants by manipulating DNA molecule. Nowadays, Gene transfer methods has become the most versatile and easy to handle protocols for improving crop production and for study or
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