In 1951, Alma Howard (a radiobiologist) and Stephen Pelc (a physicist), conducted experiments with radioactive DNA labelling in plants and gave an outline of the cell cycle that we study today. Initially they conducted the experiment on a mouse but due to its inefficiency they used Broad bean instead. Their research introduced the G1, S, […]
A Eukaryotic Cell Cycle- An Overview Read More »
Introduction BOD stands for Biochemical Oxygen Demand, is the amount of oxygen required for bacteria to decompose biodegradable organic matter at certain temperature for a specific period of time. It is used mainly in determination of pollution strength of water in terms of requirement of oxygen, when this wastewater is discharged into water bodies. It
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Cultivation of Viruses As viruses are obligate intra-cellular parasite and they need host for their growth and survival. They dependent on host for their DNA replication, protein synthesis and multiplication. Hence, viruses cannot be grown like bacteria or other microorganisms on nutrient media. To grow or cultivate bacterial, plant and animal viruses, we need living
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Viruses are defined in many ways as per different standard books but, the simplest definition of a virus is an infectious nucleic acid surrounded by Protein. Virology:- Virology is the study of viruses and virus like agents, including ( but not limited to) their taxonomy, disease producing properties, their structure, classification and evolution, their ways
Viruses – History, Properties and Structure Read More »
Following is a Microbiology Quiz which is aimed to strengthen your knowledge on the History of Microbiology. Before solving the quiz you can also read our article on History of Microbiology
MCQ on History of Microbiology Read More »
HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) is one of the types of column chromatography that uses a pump to create high pressure. In traditional column chromatography, the mobile phase and sample drip or runs under gravity. But in HPLC, the sample runs with mobile phase under pressure through the column filled with stationary phase. The use
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Vector are small DNA molecules that are used to carry desired gene in order to insert into desired organism. Vectors are one of the most important tool in Gene cloning, Recombinant DNA Technology and Genetic Engineering. There are different types of natural and artificial vectors. In the given article, one of such natural vector and
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Microbial Culture can be cultivated in either Batch or Continuous method. Microorganisms are omnipresent. But when we intend to study or use them, we grow and multiply the desired microbial species in artificial environment or laboratory conditions. The microbes grown in laboratory are called as microbial culture. To grow microorganisms, we need to provide them
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Bacteria belongs to prokaryotes and hence it lacks nucleus and membrane bound organelle. But it has sufficient organelles that maintains and regulated important physiological, biochemical and molecular process. Invention of Electron microscope allowed us to explore the structure of bacteria. The bacteria has cell envelop (capsule, cell wall and cell membrane) envelop, nucleoid (DNA), ribosomes,
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Bacteria are prokaryotic unicellular organism. They reproduce asexually. Before dividing, bacteria need to replicate its genetic material in order to transfer the vital life process information to its next generation. The bacterial chromosome is present in cytoplasm in the form of nucleoid. Compared to eukaryotes, bacterial DNA is smaller and less complex. Due to which
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