Bacteriophage literally means bacteria eater, because they infect bacteria and kill them. It means bacteria are host to the bacteriophage. Like other viruses, bacteriophages are obligate parasites. They are made of genetic material surrounded by protein structure. They need a host for the vital molecular processes like replication, transcription, translation and multiplication. Once, the virus […]
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Endosymbiosis explains the origin of chloroplast and mitochondria. The life was initiated on earth, around 3.5 billion years ago. The first life form was a single cell. According to the Modern abiogenesis theory of evolution studies and Miller-Urey experiment, the earliest life form was arose from organic compounds (non-living matter). The lipid molecule formed the
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Bacteria belongs to prokaryotes and hence it lacks nucleus and membrane bound organelle. But it has sufficient organelles that maintains and regulated important physiological, biochemical and molecular process. Invention of Electron microscope allowed us to explore the structure of bacteria. The bacteria has cell envelop (capsule, cell wall and cell membrane) envelop, nucleoid (DNA), ribosomes,
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Archaebacteria are fascinating microbes and show diverse characteristics. They are unicellular and do not have nucleus and hence scientist thought to categorize them in prokaryotes. When further research was conducted the scientist found that they have few similarities to Eukaryotes. This created a puzzle in the field of classification. To solve the puzzle, the archaea
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Endospore is the resistant form of bacteria which is very difficult to kill. Sporulation: Sporulation is a spore forming process in bacteria. Spores are metabolically inactive and resistant form of bacteria. The spore becomes resistant to chemical, heat, dehydration and radiation. The spores do not multiply. The bacteria with the ability of undergoing sporulation are
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Flagella is the motility organelle of the bacteria. Introduction: Flagella is known as motility or locomotor organelle and it looks hair like appendage. They are longer than pilli and fimbriae. Their structure is rigid and slender. The bacteria are able to swim in liquid media is due to the rotating movement of flagella. To perceive
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Why bacteria are microscopic? It is a vital question that comes to our mind. This article explains the relationship between size of the bacteria and efficiency in absorbing the nutrients. Reading this article will help to understand, why bacteria are microscopic? Why we cannot see Bacteria: The human eyes can observe the objects that are
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Carl Woese‘s Classification was introduced by Carl Woese in 1990. It classified the life forms into three-domains which include archaea, bacteria, and eukaryote. Introduction to Carl Woese’s Classification Life on earth was initiated 3.7 billion years ago. Evolution of the first life form resulted into diverse forms of living organisms from unicellular to multicellular. The natural
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Nomenclature is the set of rules and conventions which preside over the naming of taxa, while Classification is the grouping of organisms on the basis of phylogeny and phenotype. The science of Classification, Nomenclature, and identification is known as Taxonomy. In this vast living world, having a system of naming and grouping bacteria and other
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