Lab Protocol

Catalase and Oxidase tests are performed to check whether the given microorganism is aerobic or anaerobic. Catalase Test – The catalase enzyme protects the cell from oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced during the metabolism of carbohydrates. The NADH, produced during metabolic reactions are oxidized to NAD […]

pH indicates the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) of any solution. The Hydrogen ions are protons hence, it is also the measurement of protons in solution. H+ ion concentration is inversely related to pH scale. Low pH means high H+ concentration & high pH means low H+ concentration. The pH scale range from 0 to

Introduction – Bacterial Growth is affected by nutritional and physical factors. The nutrients means the organic and inorganic material whereas the physical factors means pH, temperature, aerobic/anaerobic conditions. The bacteria need the nutrition and optimum physical environment to conduct its molecular, physiological activity and to multiply.   The bacteria needs a physical environment for carrying out

Calculations is one of the major challenge before Life Science Students. Introduction: As a Science graduate, we all know the importance of basic calculations in our Academic life. If we do not have good command over the basic calculation, it is difficult to excel in our laboratory work. The laboratory allows us to explore and

Sabouraoud Dextrose media contains all essential nutrients required for the growth of fungi. Introduction– Fungi are eukaryotic organism and found to be from unicellular to multicellular. The example of unicellular fungi is yeast and mushroom is multicellular. They can be pathogenic or non pathogenic. They are also found to be associated with plants symbiotically and

Bristol Media provides all essential nutrients for Algae growth. Introduction: Algae are aquatic organism found in lakes, rivers, ponds, and snow and also found on moist land. They may be free floating or attached to some surface. They are diverse group that contains from unicellular to multicellular organism. The well known unicellular algae is cyanobacteria,

Yeasts are unicellular prokaryotic organisms. They cannot be seen by naked eyes and hence we need to observe them microscopically. Introduction: Yeasts are unicellular and microscopic fungi. They are commercially used in bread and wine making industries. They multiply asexually by following budding method. The shape and size varies from species to species of yeast

Hot Air Oven is used for sterilization in the laboratory. Introduction: Hot Ar Oven is an instrument used for sterilization. It is the process or a method used to kill the microorganisms. The sterilization methods allows us to conduct contamination free experiments. When heat, radiation or such physical agents are used for sterilization, it is